APHORISMOS

Literary Translation Between Efficiency and Creativity the Revenge of Co Authorship

Saïd SAÏDI — 2025-11-30

In utilitarian and informative communication, translation aims for efficiency, as the objective remains utilitarian and informative. In other words, the transparency of the text must be evident in the translation, whereas in literature, the opacity of the text and its self-referentiality pose a problem. The notes scattered throughout translated works, often attempts at approximate semantic renderings from one language to another, amply justify the difficulty of the task. In addition to indispensable efficiency, creativity emerges as a decisive parameter in translation, which, evolving within the immeasurable world of art, sees its center of gravity shift and its boundaries blur, dissolving into linguistic deficiencies and distinct cultural entities. But one unprecedented day, the echo of co-authorship resounded and answered

Spectating and Critical Consciousness We tame our anxiety by taking refuge in analyzing the facts

Foudil DAHOU — 2025-11-30

Must an author, a writer, an artist simply, can they still, shut themselves away in the thunderous silence of internal and external signs when their individuality and personality are in conflict? The answer lies in the aesthetics of a shattering literary self-portrait whose echo reverberates, in the immensities of contemporary existential voids, the two divergent voices of the anguished inner gaze.

Digital Education in Algeria Challenges of Inclusive Online Learning

Dalila ABADI — 2025-11-30

Online education in Algeria faces major challenges despite its transformative potential. These challenges include unequal access to the internet and technologies, lack of training for teachers and students, the need for adapted pedagogical content, technological and logistical constraints, as well as the importance of ensuring digital equity and inclusion. Overcoming these obstacles requires investments in digital infrastructure, training for educational stakeholders, and inclusive policies. By « working together », Algeria can fully leverage the potential of online education to provide quality, inclusive, and accessible education to all its citizens, thus contributing to a more dynamic and prosperous educational future.

From the Cave to the Algorithms Hermeneutics of the Platonic Allegory in the Phenomenology of the Digital Era

Mohammed DRIDI — 2025-11-30

This article investigates the heuristic relevance of Plato’s allegory of the cave for thinking through the mechanisms of cognitive subjection specific to the contemporary digital era. By mobilising the Platonic hermeneutic framework — grounded in the dialectical tension between illusion and disclosure, between perceptual captivity and intellectual liberation — it analyses the ways in which contemporary algorithmic environments reproduce, in historically unprecedented and technically sophisticated forms, the fundamental structures of the cave described in Book VII of The Republic. Far from reducing itself to a mere analogical transposition, this cross-reading aims to illuminate the specific mechanisms through which recommendation algorithms, informational filter bubbles and the attention economy establish a regime of conditioned visibility that profoundly reconfigures the conditions of knowledge and subjective autonomy. Drawing on the complementary contributions of the philosophy of technology (Stiegler, Ellul), media critical theory (Baudrillard, Debord), phenomenology (Arendt) and theories of emancipation (Freire, Rancière, Habermas), the analysis proceeds in five stages: the anthropological and epistemological foundations of the Platonic allegory, the phenomenology of algorithmic immersion, the aporias and specificities of digital illusion, the conditions of a critical emancipatory pedagogy and, finally, the prospects for an ethics of human-machine cohabitation. The article argues that the persistence of the critical requirement constitutes, beyond technical transformations, the fundamental condition of all genuine emancipation in the age of algorithms.

Malek Bennabi Ideas and Bilingualism from Aesthetic Dissidence to the Ethics of Otherness

Asma MARIR — 2025-11-30

If the Ego is the starting point for any reform in Malek Bennabi’s conception, we can say that the Other is his primary subject of study. In his work, Le problème des idées dans le monde musulman, the Algerian humanist Bennabi does not merely address the ideological problem in Eastern and Muslim society, but, having sufficiently grasped it, also reveals his vision of contemporary social issues. In this sense, he expresses our own capacity to see, to approach, and to transform the Other into a subject. He thus attempts argumentative and pedagogical reflections capable of analyzing the West, identifying its fundamental components by restoring its constituent elements to their sources — an in-depth study aimed at creating an immunity of being in the world. Indeed, immunizing the cultural identity of our Nation is correctly interpreted both in the concept and in its simple translation from Our language to the language of the Other! However, while ideas and language are indeed inseparable, it is important to consider that translation can generate alienation. In other words, bilingualism can certainly reactivate the cultural universe, but it can also create distortions.

This article offers both a reinterpretation of Bennabi and a contemporary application of his ideas. It aims to reflect on the idea of a reflective self and to provide conceptual and theoretical insights into the West that can help formulate an appropriate relationship with it. The objective is to conceive of a balanced relationship with the Other that prevents the current situation from worsening, in a world marked by isolationism and contraction. By rethinking our relationship with the West, we can thus better understand our place in the world today.

Such Precarious Balance The Difficulty of Being a Doctoral Student

Noureddine DAHOU — 2025-11-30

être, équilibre, doctorant, apprenti-génie, langue étrangère.

Abstract — What are the essential basics of being a doctoral student? The question may seem naive, but it is remarkably insightful in its simplicity and uncompromising in its frankness. Yet there is nothing unusual or mysterious about scientific writing; again, appearances are deceiving, for objective thought also demands a creative imagination that transcends the depths of reflection. The balance then proves so precarious that the young doctoral student must demonstrate a sustained interest fueled solely by personal curiosity. Under the spotlight, however, the young doctoral student refuses to paint a self-portrait: a poor choice for a budding genius lost in the open-air labyrinths of a foreign language whose cultural anchor has become detached.

Keywords: Being, Balance, Doctoral Student, Apprentice Genius, Foreign Language