CONTRIBUTION A L’ETUDE DES MODES D’USAGE DES PARCOURS DE LA REGION DE GHARDAÏA (SAHARA SEPTENTRIONAL ALGERIEN)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine how grazing land is used and managed, based on field surveys in
two representative areas of the Ghardaïa region, which is renowned for its livestock farming in the full sense of
the term. As a result of the exploratory investigations, which reached 20% of all livestock farmers, and the
approach of support structures, we were able to draw the following conclusions: i/- The nomadic system has
evolved as breeders have settled down; ii/- Transhumance of livestock, particularly small ruminants, near
watering holes is not the ideal solution, as it leads to the degradation of grazing land as a result of longer grazing
periods; iii/- the dromedary excels in adapting to harsh conditions and adopts the practice of roaming in search of
grass when conditions are restrictive; iv/- the extension of agricultural areas to the detriment of grazing land; v/-
damage to the pastoral ecosystem through the excessive uprooting of perennial species destined for speculative
use. Finally, in the absence of adequate rangeland management, the alarm bells are ringing; action is needed to
preserve and promote these areas, which are so important both for the needs of the animals and for the ecological
balance of the pastures