THREATS ON GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE DATE PALM IN THE VALLEY OF M'ZAB

B KHENE; A SENOUSSI

B KHENE Université de Ghardaïa
A SENOUSSI Université KASDI Merbah OUARGLA, Laboratoire des Bio ressources sahariennes : Préservation et Valorisation, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la terre et de l’Univers, Algérie.

Keywords: M'zab, date palm, biodiversity, oasis, agricultural enhancement.

Abstract

The potential of date palms in the region M'zab has increased to significantly in terms of plantations since the launch of the agricultural and rural development national plan (PNDAR). The region, once a center of genetic diversity of date palm carefully nurtured and enriched, knows under the combined effects of changes of its socioeconomic environment, a serious risk of depletion of this biodiversity which still faces multiple threats. The study by analyze of the impact of PNDAR on date palms biodiversity, as well as investigations in the ancient oases and in the new plantations has shown that rapid urbanization in the Valley under the population pressure, disease fungal of "bayoud" of the date palm and market forces are the main causes of the depletion of patrimony genetic of date palms. Biodiversity remains at the heart of a complex network of actors (research, technical support, date palm farmers, private operators) for which the save and enrichment has need they work in a coordinated and sustainable.