LES RESSOURCES FOURRAGERES AU SUD-EST DE L’ALGERIE DANS LA REGION D’EL HAOUCH (BISKRA): SITUATION ET PRESERVATION

Résumé

El Haouch zone situated in south-east of Biskra is a pastoral and fodder area. It is characterized by a dry and alkaline soil, with salt and limestone accumulations. The vegetation is well adapted to the harsh conditions characterized by the low rainfall and high heat. It is composed by halophytic fodder shrubs. They are permanent formations available in the rangeland and very appreciated by small ruminants (particularly sheep). These halophytes are perennial regardless of fluctuating environmental conditions, in contrary of herbaceous plants. Our data of studied forage showed that they were very interesting energy contents. Indeed, nitrogen and mineral contents can meet the physiological needs of livestock in this region. These halophytes allow to protect the soil against wind and water erosion, and even enhance unusable marginal land. Exploitation strategies optimizing the rational use of these natural resources guarantee their sustainability and pastoral activity.