STUDYING THE ROLE OF BIO-FERTILIZERS IN PLANT GROWTH AND SOIL FERTILITY

Abstract

Many studies and research in recent years have dealt with the role of bio-fertilizers in plant growth and increase in soil fertility and as an alternative to mineral fertilizers, which reduces dependence on various chemical fertilizers, which leads to less environmental vaccination, reduced production costs and increased yield in terms of quality and quantity, soil fertility is defined where the ability of the soil to supply nutrients in quantities availability for absorption by the plant. on the basis of this concept, the activity of living organisms in the biofertilizer has a major role in increasing the availability of nutrients in soils with determinants that reduce the supply of nutrients in the soil, especially those elements. Movement is limited in soil, particularly phosphorus, zinc, and copper [1]. therefore, biofertilizers (bacterial and fungal) supply plants with their nutritional needs by providing nutrients in an availability manner in the soil in which they are cultivated so that the roots of plants can absorb and benefit from them, in addition to providing them with materials that encourage and stimulate plant growth such as hormones and growth regulators, and it works to increase the organic matter in the soil, which leads to improving its physical, chemical and biological properties, especially in lands that suffer from a lack of organic matter in addition to that it protects plants from some pathogens, which leads to reducing production costs and reduce environmental pollution and its impact on the environment and humans, and bio-fertilizer is a material that contains beneficial microorganisms
added to the soil that can supply plants with part of their nutritional needs or it can be defined as all additives of a biological source called microbial inoculants, which supply plants with their nutritional needs by transforming them from elements from their unprepared forms to their availability to absorb forms.